Carbon-dioxide-snow compressor



June 24, 1930. 1 w. HASSENSIALL 1,768,059

CARBON DIOXIDE snow QOMPRESSOR Filed May 22, 1929 s Sheets-Sheet 1 Z5 Z7 21 Z5 w 's-F I v I I! .19 F. a m

Z6 ,Q Z? .54" a5 22;,

72 o o w m o o w o o o 0 o 0- iv 1 o '0 a: 0 o o 0 0 o o m m i 0 0 0 0 {6 o o o o o o 1 o m o m o o 0 17 o aa, 0 o o o o o o 0 o o o 3 Slwucntoo sensual.

June 24, 1930. L. w. HASSENSALL I 1,763,059

CARBON DIOXIDE sNow COMPRESSOR Filed May 22, 1929 v s Sheets-Sheet 2 ghwc-nl'oo L Iv. Haas-sen sail June 24, 1930. w. HASSENSA'L CARBON DIOXIDE SNOW COMPRESSOR Filed May 22. 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Suva-1 0 0 L Mjiassensali- Patented June 24, 1930 UNITED STATES LOUIS W. HASSENSALL, OF TOLEDO, OHIO CARBON-DIOXIDE-SNOW COMPRESSOR Application filed May 22, 1929. Serial No. 365,211.

This invention relates to compressors and more particularly to a device of this character by means of which carbonic acid gas which has assumed a snow-like consistency and is v known as carbonic snow may be formed into cakes of such size and shape that they may be conveniently used for refrigerating purposes. One object of the invention is to provide. a compressor into which liquefied carbon dioxide gas may be admitted and form carbonic acid snow therein after which flow of gas into the compressor is cut off and pressure applied to pack the snow into a solid cake. Another object of the invention is to so form the compressor that a perforated container or receptacle for the cake of compressed carbonic acid snow may be fitted into the compressor before the liquefied gas is admitted and the snow directly compressed into the receptacle.

Another object'of the invention is to provide a compressor including a plurality of cylinders each having a piston movable therein and piston rods extending out of the cylinders for engagement by actuating means so that all of the pistons may be simultaneously moved by a single actuatingmeans.

Another object of the invention is to provide improved means for closing gas inlet openings of the cylinders.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a View showing the improved compressor partially in vertical section and 5 partially in elevation, the view being taken on g the line 11 of Fig. 2,

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the base of the 40 compressor, Fig. 4 is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the devices for closing gas inlet openings of the compressor, and

Fig. 5 is a view in elevation showing the 4:; cylinders raised.

This improved compressor includes a base l which may be formed of metal or any other suitable material and is provided with openings 2 through which fasteners are to be passed in order to secure the base upon a suitable support. The upper face of the base is recessed, as shown in Fig. 3, thereby providing seats 3 and either centrally of the seats or near the margins thereof the base is formed with openings 4 having enlarged and threaded lower portions 5. The openings 4 constitute inlets through which liquefied gas is to pass from pipes 6 leading from a source of supply and valves may be provided between the pipes and threaded lower ends of the inlets in order to allow automatic control of the carbonic acid gas. At their upper ends the inlet openings 4 communicate wlth arcuate grooves 7 which constitute tracks and are adapted to slidably receive strips 8 which are retained in the seats by cross strips 9 and provided with handles 10 which project upwardly from the valve strips and outwardly over the base between pairs of seats, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3. These strips prevent snow from being forced into the pipes while being compressed. By grasping the handles, the strips may be easily moved longitudinally in the tracks and when so moved each strip uncovers the inlet opening at one end of a track while the opening 11 formed near the other end of the strip moves into registry with the inlet opening communicating with the corresponding end of thetrack. If so desired, a single ring may be provided instead of arcuate strips so that by grasping a handle'for the ring and rotating the ring, all of the inlets may be opened or closed at the same time.

In the present illustration, the base is formed. with four seats, although this num- .ber may be varied and, therefore, there has been provided four cylinders which are indicated by the numeral 12. These cylinders are of the proper diameter to fit about the seats 3 and are joined by webs 13 which extend their full depths and have their upper and lower port-ions extended, as shown at 14 and 15, the extension 15 forming an annular flange or lip, thepurpose of which Wlll be hereinafter set forth. The lower ends of the cylinders are open so that gas may pass upwardly into the cylinders when the strlps 8 are moved to open the inlet ports 4 and the walls of the lower portions of the cylinders are counter-bored to such-an extent that, when containers 16 which are open at their upper ends and have their bottoms and walls perforated, asshown at 17, are fittedinto the cylinders, they will be received in the cylinders, as shown in Fig. 1, with their walls spaced from the walls of the cylinders, except their upper ends which bear agalnst annular abutment shoulders 18. Openings 12' are formed in the cylinders to permit air to escape as the cylinders becomefilled with snow formed by gas entering through the openings 4. The inner surfaces of the walls of the containers are flush with the inner surfaces of the upper portionsof the walls of the cylinders and, therefore, when thepistons 19 are moved downwardly to compress carbonic snow which has formed in the cylinders from liquefied gas passing into the same through the containers 16 from the inlet ports, the pistons may move easily into the receptacles without catching against their walls if it is necessary to do so in order to compress the carbonic acid snow into solid cakes. These pistons have been shown equipped with sealing rings 20 to prevent leakage of gas past them but the rings may be omitted if so desired and each piston is provided with a piston rod 21 projecting upwardly'through an opening 22 formed in the head of the cylinder in which the piston moves. The piston rods are of greater length than the depth of the' cylinders and at their upper ends they are engaged with the corner port-ions of a block 23 in the center of which is formed an opening to receive the reduced upper end portion 24 of a threaded shaft 25. A hollow standard 26 extends vertically through space between the cylinders with its lower end screwed upon a post 27 rising'centrally from the base 1 and the shaft'25 extends into the standard with its threads 28 engaged with the threads 29 formed in the upper portion of the standard. Adisk 30 is secured flat upon the heads of i the cylinders and projects inwardly therefrom beyond theextensions 14 to fit about the standard and close the upper end of the space between the cylinders. It" will be readily understood that, when'the shaft is 1 rotated by a hand wheel or equivalent turnin element 311at its upper end, the shaft wil be -moved either upwardly or downwardlyv according to the direction in which it is rotated. Bearings 32' are provided upon the upper portion of the shaft 25 above and below the block 23 and, therefore, the shaft will be allowed to turn freely without causing wear upon the block. By this arrangement the block may be moved downwardly with the shaft and force the pistons downwardly in the cylinders in order to apply pressure to carbonic acid snow in the cylinders and compress this snow into solid cakes in the receptacles. After the snow has been pressed into cakes the shaft is rotated to move it upwardly and the cylinders will be drawn upwardly by springlatches 33 se-. cured against the block in depending relation thereto and of such length that they engage in seats 34 formed in the webs 13 when the pistons are moved downwardly. After the filled containers are removed empty ones can be easily set in place and the cylinders released from the latches and lowered. It is desirable to limit upward movement of the cylinders and thereby prevent the shaft from being accidentally entirely unscrewed from thestandard. 1 have, therefore, provided a collar 34' secured about the standard midway its height by .a set screw "'35. From the collar depends a sping 36 constituting a yieldable abutment to be engaged by the flange 15 when the cylinders are raised, as shown in Fig. 5, and prevent upward movement of the cylinders and shaft beyond the position shown in this figure.

Having thus described the invention, I claim 1. A compressor comprising a cylinder open at one end, a perforated container inserted through the open end of said cylinder, means for closing the open end of said cylinder and admitting matter to be compressed into the cylinder through the perforated container, and means in the cylinder for compressing matter therein into the container.

2. A compressor comprising a cylinder 'open at one end, a perforated container inserted through the open end of said cylinder, means for closing the open end of said cylinder formed with a passage through which liquefied carbon dioxide gas may pass to fill the container and cylinder with carbon dioxide snow, means for closing the inner'end of said passage, a piston slidable in said cylinder to compress the carbonic acid snow and passage and removable therefrom, a perforated container fitting snugly into the lower portlon of said cylinder with the upper edges of 1ts walls bearing against said shoulder. a

piston slidable in said cylinder, and actuating means for said piston.

4. A compressor comprisin a base formed with passages opening throug its upper face, cylinders resting upon said base about the passages and having heads at their upper ends, the lower portions of the cylinders being of increased bore to form annular shoulders, perforated containers snugly fitted into the lower portions of the cylinders with the upper edges of their walls bearin against the shoulders and the inner faces 0 their walls flush with the walls of the cylinders above the shoulders, pistons in said cylinders having stems extending upwardly through the heads of the cylinders, and means engaged with the piston stems to simultaneously move the pistons in the cylinders.

. 5. A compressor comprising a cylinder,

open at one end, a container inserted through the openend of said cylinder, means for closing the open end of said cylinder, means for admitting matter to be compressed into said cylinder, and means in the cylinder for compressing matter therein into the container.

6. A compressor comprising a base having its upper face formed with seats and having )assages opening through its upper face and a groove leading from one passage to another, a valve strip slidable in said groove into and out of closing relation to said passages, cylinders having open lower ends resting upon said base about the passages, containers fitting into said cylinders and seated in said seats, and means in said cylinders to compress matter in the cylinders into the containers.

7 A compressor comprisin a base having passages opening through its upper face, cylinders resting upon said base about said passages, a bearing rising from said base between said cylinders, a threaded shaft en gaged with said bearing and extending upwardly therefrom and having vertical movement when rotated, a block loose upon said shaft, pistons in said cylinders having stems extending upwardly therefrom and engaged with said block, and latches carried by said block for engaging the cylinders and drawing the cylinders upwardly with the block.

8. -A compressor comprising a base having passages opening through its upper face, cylinders having open lower ends restin upon said base about the passages, heads for the upper ends of said cylinders, a hollow standard extending upwardly from said base be-. tween said cylinders and having its upper portion internally threaded, a threaded shaft extending vertically in saidv standard and having its threads engaged with the threads of the standard to cause the shaft to move vertically when rotated, a'block fitting loosely about the upper portion of said shaft, pistons in said cylinders, and stems extending upwardly from the pistons through the heads of the cylinders and engaged with said block ing passages opening through its upper face within the seats and a groove leading from one passage to another, a valve strip slidable in said groove and movable into and out of closing relation to said passages, perforated. containers resting in said seats, cylin- 7 ders having open lower ends resting upon said-'baseabout the seats and enclosing said containers, heads for the upper ends of said cylinders, a threaded shaft extending vertically from said base between said cylinders,

means to rotate said shaft, a block fitting loosely about said shaft and having vertical movement with the shaft when the shaft is rotated, pistons in said cylinders, and stems extending upwardly from the pistons through 5 the heads of the cylinders and engaged with said block whereby the pistons will be moved vertically with the block when the shaft is rotated.

10.. A compressor comprising a base having passages formed therethrough, cylinders resting upon said base and each being open at its lower end and disposed about a passage whereby gas to be compressed may enter the cylinders through the passages, closures for said passages adapted to be opened and closed, heads for the upper ends of said cylinders, the cylinders being united, a threaded standard extending upwardly from said base between said cylinders, pistons slidable in 1 said cylinders, stems for said pistons extending up through said heads, a threaded shaft carried by said standard and extending upwardly therefrom, bearings loose upon the upper portion of said shaft, a block fitting loosely about said shaft between said bearings and having portions extending over the cylinders and engaged with the upper ends of said stems, and means to rotate the shaft and move the block and\ pistons downwardly and effect compressing of gas in the cylinders. I

11. A compressor comprising a base having passages formed therethrough, cylinders resting upon said base and each being open at its lower end and disposed about a passage whereby gas to be compressed may enter the cylinders through the passages, closures for said passages adapted to be opened and closed, heads for the upper ends of said cylinders, the cylinders bcingunited, an internally threaded standard extending vertically between said cylinders from said base, pistons slidable in said cylinders, stems for said pistons extending upthrough said heads, a threaded shaft extending vertically between said cylinders and screwed into said standard, a bearing loose upon the upper'portion of said shaft,

a block supported about said shaft by said bearing and having portions extending over 1 the cylinders and engaged with the upper ends of said stems, means carried by said block to releasably engage said cylinders and cause the-cylinders to be drawn upwardly when the block is raised, means to rotate said shaft and cause vertical movement thereof through its threaded engagement with the standard, a collar secured about said standard intermediate the height thereof, a spring about said standard suspended from said collar, and means extending from said cylinders to engage said spring and limit upward movement of the cylinders and shaft.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LOUIS W. HASSENSALL. [1,. s.] 

